Hydrocarbon emulsion.



. No Drawing.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

REINHOLD w-AtLBAUM, or CHARLOTTENZBURG, GERMANY.

HYDROCARBON EMULSION.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, REINHOLD WALL' leum pitch and the like or mixturesthereof in a simple manner.

A primary object of my invention is to remedy this defect. I attain thisend'in a simple manner by melting asphalt, coal-tar pitch, petroleumpitch and the like with saponifiable substances, such as resin,naphthenic acid, a fatty acid and the like, and pouring the hot moltenmixture into a boiling solution of a resinate, naphthenate of an alkalior ammonia, or of the alkali or ammonia salt of a fatty acid, saidresinate or other salt preferably containing an excess of alkali orammonia, and the whole mixture being Violently agitated. By naphthenicacids which have recently been put onto the market are to be understoodthe acids which are separated from .the greasy lyes obtained as aby-product when refining mineral oil. Owing to the saponificatio'nreaction the asphalt and the like is converted into a finely dividedform, in which it is readily taken up by the soap solution. This processis greatly aided by the steam which is generated and by the violentagitation. In this manner a mass of a butterlike consistency which canbe diluted with water is obtained.

Example: 100 parts of resin and 600 parts of asphalt are melted togetherand poured into a boiling solution composed of 400 parts of water, 50parts of naphthenic acid and 50 parts of ammonia of specific weight0.910. The emulsion obtained having a butter-like consistency can bestill more diluted as desired with water. Hard and soft petroleum pitchand coal-tar pitch or mixtures thereof can be worked up in like manner.

In order to emulsify asphalt, coal-tar Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed December 3, 1910.

Patented Jan. 9, 1912.

Serial No. 595,486.

ponification in this mixture at a temperature at or upward of 100 C. bymeans of dilute fixed alkali or ammonia. The emulsification of theasphalt and. the like is brought about not only by the violent stirring,but also by the distributing action of the abundant quantity of steamwhich is generated. The emulsion which is produced may be diluted asdesired with-water.

The emulsions described above may be employed for the most variouspurposes, 6. g. as paint for insulating walls from we ternal andinternal moisture, or for obtaining a dry surface layer on wet walls.The employment of the described emulsion products for the purpose justmentioned has been recognized on the ground that, although a dry wall careadily be protected from exterior moisture by a coating of tar or tardissolved in light oils, this medium breaks down entirely as soon as itis a matter of making a dry surface on a wall which is itself wet. Inthis event it is necessary to have recourse to remedies, some of whichare very expensive while others do not even reliably fulfil theirpurpose. If the wall is coated, on the contrary, with a paint of solubleor emulsified asphalt, coal-tar pitch, petroleum pitch and the like ormixtures thereof made according to my above described process, it ispossible to insulate every wall, whether wet or dry, from moisture or toproduce thereon a dry surface. 0

The action due to the painting is as follows :WVhen the first coat isapplied the soluble asphalt or the like or the aqueous emulsionpenetrates to some extent into the masonry. If the latter is plastered,the saponifiable constituents of the paint combine with the lime andform insoluble lime soaps which in combination with the parti cles ofasphalt firmly close the pores watertight. The paint itself therebybecomes in soluble. When further coats are applied the ammonia containedin the material evaporates with the water, and consequently the new coatbecomes insoluble and lies as a lacquer-like layer on the former. Evenpitch, petroleum pitch and thelike or mix- 1 WIQII the walls are verywet at most four coats are necessary, two of which are applied on oneday, and, if necessary, a' dye may be added to the last coat, its actionnot being thereby impaired. In this manner a firmly adhering,asphalt-like layer which is water-tight and is not very expensive tomanufacture is obtained on the wall. Not only all kinds of paints, i. e.lime, glue and casein paints and so on, but also wall-papers and thelike adhere well on this layer. Also the layer is quite hard so that itdoes n(1)t penetrate through wall papers or the li (e.

In tests made with my described process it has also been found that theabove mentioned naphthenic acids are particularly suitable as asubstitute for fatty acids when manufacturing emulsions of solid bodies.The naphthenic acids are not only capable of quite general employmentfor the purpose just mentioned, but they are very particularly suitablefor the emulsification of solid hydrocarbons of the mentioned kind whichare non-saponifiable or only saponifiable with difiiculty, such asasphalt, coaltar pitch, petroleum, parafiin, ozocerite, Japan wax, andthe like, because the naphthenate ammonia salts tend, even when verygreatly diluted, to have a gelatinous consistency and the solidconstituents of the emulsion which melt only with difficulty are notprecipitated from such emulsions as from very fluid products. It hasbeen found, that, particularly when triturating such emulsion products,the solid constituents are not separated but adhere together.

Naphthenate salts are just as suitable for the emulsification. Thenaphthenic acid or its salts may be used for emulsification purposeseither alone or in combination with other saponifiable substances.

The emulsions of solid hydrocarbons made with the aid of naphthenic acidor its salts may be utilized for very various purposes. Namely, theparaflin emulsion may be employed as the unctuous basis of ointment, theemulsion of ozocerite, Japan waX and the like as polish or wax forpolishing floors, or the like, while the emulsions of asphalt, petroleumpitch, coal-tar pitch may be used for making roads.

I claim I The hereindescribed process of manufacturing emulsions ofsolid hydrocarbons, such as asphalt, coal-tar pitch, petroleum pitch,paraffin, ozocerite, Japan wax and the like or mixtures thereof, whichconsists in melting one or more of the solid hydrocarbons with asaponifiable substance, in heating the mixture thus obtained to atemperature of about or upward of one hundred degrees centigrade, andpouring the hot mixture into a solution of water, naphthenic acid andammonia while agitating the same;

In witness whereof I have hereunto signed my name, this 8th day ofNovember 1910, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

REINHOLD WALLBAUM.

Witnesses WOLDEMAR HAUPT, HENRY HASPER.

